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Cake day: June 18th, 2023

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    1. Plastics and Petrochemicals

    Fossil fuels are mainly used here as a carbon source. Plants contain carbon captured from atmospheric CO₂.

    Convert biomass into platform chemicals

    • Bio-polyethylene

    • PLA plastics

    Create synthetic hydrocarbons Using hydrogen + captured CO₂:

    • produce methanol

    • convert to olefins

    1. Pharmaceuticals

    Most pharmaceuticals rely on organic chemistry

    1. Fertilizers

    The key fertilizer is ammonia so use green hydrogen produced by electrolysis.

    1. Air Travel

    Synthetic jet fuel (Power-to-Liquid) or Biofuels (SAF)

    1. Sea Transport
    • Ammonia fuel

    • Methanol fuel

    • Hydrogen fuel cells

    • Wind-assisted propulsion

    1. Steel Production

    Use hydrogen reduction of iron ore:

    1. Cement
    • electric kilns

    • hydrogen heat

    • carbon capture


    None of these technologies violate physics or chemistry. The challenge is cost, scale, and infrastructure, not feasibility.

    If oil is at $200/barrel then these alternatives become much more attractive